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Malheur National Wildlife Refuge

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Lake name:
Malheur National Wildlife Refuge
Location:
Oregon
HydroLAKE ID:
769
Latitude:
43.327083
Longitude:
-118.785417
Basin type:
non-reservoir
Primary vegetation for nesting:
hardstem bulrush
Management agency:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Region associations:
Harney Basin; Malheur National Wildlife Refuge; Warm Springs Valley; Great Basin; Northern Basin and Range
Comments:
Data was for Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in general without specific location given in data sources. Malheur Lake is the largest waterbody within the refuge so coordinates are for that lake, though there are other waterbodies in the refuge boundaries. See Malheur Lake for more information about the refugte.

Summary of Surveys (5)

Survey Citation:
Ivey, G.L., and C.P. Herziger. 2006. Intermountain west waterbird conservation plan, version 1.2. A plan associated with the Waterbird Conservation for the Americas Initiative. Published by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region, Portland, Oregon.

  • Time period
    1990-1998
  • Source
    Conservation Plan
  • Both Western and Clarks?
    N
Count Type Range Max Year
Max Adults 501 to 1000 660 1990-1998
Most Recent Adults 1 to 100 ? 1998
Max Nests 101 to 500 300 1990-1998
Most Recent Nests N/A ? 1998
Max Chicks N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Chicks N/A N/A N/A

Comments:

Appendix D, Table D-2, data is estimated 300 nests from 1990 to 1998 but not clear if this is an average, cumulative total, or what. Area population estimate is 660 (nests X2), again uncertain how this estimate is represented across the 9 year range, population data source is G. Ivey unpubl. data.

Survey Citation:
Ivey, G.L., and C.P. Herziger. 2006. Intermountain west waterbird conservation plan, version 1.2. A plan associated with the Waterbird Conservation for the Americas Initiative. Published by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region, Portland, Oregon.

  • Time period
    1990-1998
  • Source
    Conservation Plan
  • Both Western and Clarks?
    N
Count Type Range Max Year
Max Adults 101 to 500 200 1990-1998
Most Recent Adults 1 to 100 ? 1998
Max Nests 1 to 100 100 1990-1998
Most Recent Nests N/A ? 1998
Max Chicks N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Chicks N/A N/A N/A

Comments:

Appendix D, Table D-2, data is estimated 100 nests from 1990 to 1998 but not clear if this is an average, cumulative total, or what. Area population estimate is 200 (nests X2), again uncertain how this estimate is represented across the 9 year range, population data source is G. Ivey unpubl. data.

Survey Citation:
Ivey, G. L. 2004. Conservation assessment and management plan for breeding western and Clark’s grebes in California. Unpublished Technical Report. American Trader Trustee Council, California.

  • Time period
    N/A
  • Source
    Conservation Assessment, Management Plan
  • Both Western and Clarks?
    N/A
Count Type Range Max Year
Max Adults N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Adults N/A N/A N/A
Max Nests N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Nests N/A N/A N/A
Max Chicks N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Chicks N/A N/A N/A

Comments:

This entry to capture that grebes didn't nest in years where fish size classes, mostly of carp, were too large to be grebe prey (Ivey et al. in prep). Depending on available prey and breeding habitat, breeding populations from 1980 to 1998 ranged from zero to 3,891 pairs (Ivey et al. in prep).

Survey Citation:
Gilligan, J. 1994. Birds of Oregon : status and distribution. Cinclus Publications.

  • Time period
    1970s-1990s
  • Source
    Book (species account)
  • Both Western and Clarks?
    Y
Count Type Range Max Year
Max Adults >1000 ~6000 1970s-1990s
Most Recent Adults 1 to 100 ? 1990s
Max Nests 1 to 100 presence 1970s-1990s
Most Recent Nests N/A ? 1990s
Max Chicks N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Chicks N/A N/A N/A

Comments:

A range of zero to ~3000 pairs breeding in the "last two decades" depending on water levels, whether rotenone was used to control carp, and other factors. Estimating "last two decades" as 1970s to 1990s based on book publication year of 1994.

Survey Citation:
Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, issuing body. 2013. Malheur National Wildlife Refuge: Comprehensive conservation plan. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Princeton, Oregon.

  • Time period
    1983
  • Source
    Conservation Plan
  • Both Western and Clarks?
    Y
Count Type Range Max Year
Max Adults >1000 7782 1983
Most Recent Adults >1000 7782 1983
Max Nests N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Nests N/A N/A N/A
Max Chicks N/A N/A N/A
Most Recent Chicks N/A N/A N/A

Comments:

From Ch. 4, Biological Environment, the peak refuge count of 7,782 breeding Western and Clark’s grebes represents half of the regional population in 1983 when compared to population estimates for the Great Basin bird conservation region.

Sources of Information

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